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Movement In and Out of Cells

Word List with 43 words
*By Dictionary.com

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Words in This List

ion
noun
one of the electrically charged particles formed in a gas by electric discharge or the like
active transport
noun
the movement of ions or molecules across a cellular membrane from a lower to a higher concentration
amino acid
noun
any of a class of organic compounds that contain at least one amino group and one carboxyl group
bulk flow
adjective
process in which proteins without a sorting signal travel to and from different cellular compartment
cell cycle
noun
cycle of growth and asexual reproduction of a cell
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cell division
noun
the process by which cells multiply involving both nuclear and cytoplasmic division
centromere
noun
specialized structure on a chromosome observed during cell division
centrosome
noun
small region near the nucleus in the cell cytoplasm containing the centrioles
chromatid
noun
one of two identical chromosomal strands into which a chromosome splits
chromatin
noun
readily stainable substance of a cell nucleus that forms chromosomes during cell division
chromosomes
noun
threadlike linear strand of DNA and proteins in the nucleus of cells that carries genes
concentration gradient
noun
gradual difference in concentration of dissolved substance between a region of high/low density
dialysis
noun plural
separation of large and small molecules allowing ions to pass through semipermeable membrane
diffusion
noun
intermingling of molecules and ions resulting from random thermal agitation
diploid cell
noun
cells having two sets of chromosomes
endocytosis
noun
transport of solid matter or liquid into a cell by means of a coated vacuole or vesicle
exocytosis
noun
transport of material from a cell by means of a sac or vesicle through opening in the cell membrane
facilitated diffusion
noun
movement of molecules across a membrane from high to low concentration assisted by proteins
gradient
noun
change in value of a quantity
homologous pair
noun
pair of chromosomes that exist in diploid cells
homologue
noun
something (as a chemical compound or a chromosome) that is homologous
hypertonic
adjective
having a higher osmotic pressure than that of a specified, generally physiological, solution
hypotonic
noun
having a lower osmotic pressure than a reference solution
interphase
noun
period between two successive divisions of a cell
isotonic
adjective
pertaining to a solution containing the same salt concentration as mammalian blood
macromolecules
noun
large molecule built up from smaller chemical structures
meiosis
two part cell division process producing gametes with one half number of chromosomes of parent cell
mitosis
noun
method of cell division by the resolving of the chromatin of the nucleus into a threadlike form
monosaccharides
noun
classified by the number of carbon atoms they contain
net movement
adjective
movement measured by the force capacity on one side against the force capacity on the other
nuclear envelope
noun
the double membrane surrounding the nucleus within a cell
nucleoli
noun
small round granular body composed of protein and RNA in the nucleus of a cell
osmosis
noun
diffusion of fluids through membranes or porous partitions
passive transport
noun
transport of a substance across a cell membrane by diffusion; expenditure of energy is not required
permeable membrane
noun
membrane through which selected liquid or gas molecules or ions will pass
phagocytosis
noun
process by which a cell, such as a white blood cell, ingests microorganisms and foreign particles
pinocytosis
noun
introduction of fluids into a cell by invagination of the cell membrane
plasma membrane
noun
controls movement of materials into and out of the cell
receptor-mediated endocytosis
noun
process by which cells internalize molecules or viruses
solute
noun
substance dissolved in a given solution
solvent
noun
substance that dissolves another to form a solution
somatic cell
noun
one of the cells that take part in the formation of the body
vesicle
noun
small bladderlike cavity filled with fluid

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